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瞬间动词 英语,英语中的相对的延续性动词与瞬间性动词有哪些?

时间:2023-02-18 15:15:08编辑:周老师

本文目录索引

1,英语中的相对的延续性动词与瞬间性动词有哪些?

终止性动词与延缓性动词的用法 英语中的动词有多种分类法。根据其有无含义,动词可分为实义动词和助动词;根据动词所表示的是动作还是状态,可以分为行为动词和状态动词;根据动词所表示的动作能否延缓,分为延续性动词和终止性动词。 可以表示持续的行为或状态的动词,叫做“延续性动词”,也叫“持续性动词”,如:be, keep, have, like, study, live, etc. 有的表示短暂、瞬间性的动词,叫做“终止性动词”,也可叫“短暂性动词”,或“瞬间性动词”,如die, join, leave, become, return, reach, etc. 终止性动词构成的现在完成时,不可以用表示一段时间的状语(如:since 和for引导的短语)来修饰,终止性动词构成的现在完成时,只表示动作发生的因果关系,不能表示动作的延续,因此不能用表示一段时间的状语来修饰。 如可以说:The Red Cross has already started for the earthquake-stricken area. 但不可说:The Red Cross has already started for the earthquake-stricken area for three days. 因为start是终止性动词, 它所表示的动作短促, 当红十字会出发时,start这个动作便结束了, 不可能延续两天。 在十多年的教学生涯中,发现学生对于如何解决这对矛盾不知所措,下面我来归纳一下解决这对矛盾的四种方法。 用ago时间状语短语来代替since或for引导的时间状语: eg. Mr. Richard has returned from America for two years. (wrong) Mr. Richard has returned from America since two years ago. (wrong) 应改为: He returned from America two years ago. 2.用It is… since…复合句代替简单句 eg. It has been/is two years since Mr. Richard returned from America. 注意:以上两种办法适用于所有终止性动词。 3.用相应的形容词和副词代替终止性动词。 eg. Mr. Richard has been back from America for two years. 4.用延缓性动词代替终止性动词。 eg. He has gone to the Internet for six hours. (wrong) 应改为:He has been on the Internet for six hours. 但须注意:终止性动词的否定式可以和since 或for 引导的时间状语连用。因为终止性动词的否定表示的是一种可以延续的状态。 eg. I have heard from my friend in Africa for half a year. (wrong) I haven’t heard from my friend in Africa for half a year.. (right) 此外,终止性动词与延缓性动词在翻译上也不同,很易混淆。下面我再就终止性动词与延缓性动词的含义问题做一归纳: 1. 在连词since引导的时间状语从句中, 用终止性动词的过去时或用延缓性动词过去时,其含义是大不相同的。 A. since所引导的时间状语从句中,如果句子谓语是终止性动词的过去时, 则从句表示的时间是从“那一时刻开始”。 eg. He has studied very hard since he came to our school. 自从他来校以来,一贯努力学习。 B. 在since所引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语是延缓性动词的过去时,那么从句所表示的时间是从延缓性动词所表示的动作结束时算起。 eg. I haven’t heard any noise since I slept. 自从我醒后,没听见任何声音。 介词for引导的时间状语,在翻译时有两种不同的情况: A.介词for引导的时间状语和延缓性动词的现在完成时的否定式连用时,有两种不同的含义。 eg. He has not lived there for six months. 他不住在那儿已六个月了。(或: 他住在那儿还不到六个月。) B.介词for引导的时间状语和终止性动词的现在完成时的否定式连用,只有一种含义。 eg. Mary has not left here for six months. 玛丽已六个月没有离开过这儿了。 句中含有till 或until 引导的短语或从句,从句中的谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是终止性的,但要注意两种情况: 如果主句中动词是延续性的动词,动词肯定或否定都可以,只是含义不同。 eg. He listened to the radio until his father came back. 他听无线电一直到他父亲回来为止。 eg. He didn’t listen to the radio until his father came back.. 直到他父亲回来,他才听无线电。 如果主句中的谓语动词是终止性动词,则只能用否定式。 eg. Mr. Smith didn’t marry until he was forty- five. (right) 史密斯先生到四十五岁才结婚。 Mr. Smith married until he was forty-five. (wrong) 用when 引导的时间状语从句表示主句的动作正在进行的时间。 e.g. When he came in, I was reading a newspaper

英语中的相对的延续性动词与瞬间性动词有哪些?

2,在英语中,什么是瞬间动词,什么是持续行动词 什么是持续性动词

瞬间动词
瞬间动词又叫做结束性动词

瞬间动词,也叫终止性、结束性动词。表示动作的结果,或表示短暂性、一次性的动作。如:close, leave, buy, join, become, begin, fall(掉下),fall ill(病倒),get to(know), come, go, see, hear, hear from, catch a cold等。这类动词可以用于完成时,但在一般情况下,不能加上表示一段时间的状语或疑问词,

但是在否定句中,瞬间动词也可以和表示一段时间的状语、连词连用,它的含义是好长时间没进行这个动作了,没进行此动作的状态就可以延续。如:

I haven't heard from my parents for a long time. 我有好长时间没收到父母来信了。

He hasn't left home for a week. 他有一个星期没出门了

延续性动词

英语中,动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短,可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。

延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。

延续性动词的用法特征

1.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时,其完成时态可与表示"段时间"的状语连用。表示"段时间"的短语有:for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如:I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。

2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。如:It raind at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词,而at eight表示"点时间",前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作,可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为:It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如:

-When did you get to know Jack?

-Two years ago.

-Then you've known each other for more than two years.

-That's right.

3,延续性动词和短暂性动词的用法以及区别!!

英语中,按动词延续的时间长短,可将动词分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。延续性动词如learn, study, work, play, wait等。短暂性动词是非延续性动词,即动作一开始便结束的动词,又可称结束性动词,瞬间动词,如come, go, begin, start, become, join, end, die, buy, arrive, reach, borrow, lend, get to know等。

一.短暂性动词与延续性动词在现在完成时中的用法:

现在完成时中用法(一):

表示发生在过去,迄今已经完成,并对现在产生影响或产生结果的动作, 常用ever, yet, already, just等状语,谓语动词既可是延续性动词,也可是短暂性动词。

如:She has just borrowed the book from the library.(borrow是短暂性动词)

I have learned a little about Japanese. (learn 是延续性动词)

现在完成时中用法(二):

表示始于过去某时并一直延续到现在的动作或状态,常与表示始于过去某一时刻并一直延续到现在的时间状语连用。

如:They have lived in Nantong since 1990. (live 是延续性动词)

Mr. Black has worked here since he came to China.(work 是延续性动词)

I have learned English for two and a half years.(learn 是延续性动词)

所以,在现在完成时中用法(二)中,在表示持续一段时间的句子中,应将短暂性动词转化为相同意义的延续性动词或状态动词
结束性动词

go, leave, move

arrive, come, reach

join, become

buy, get(得到)

fall ill (asleep)

finish, end

begin , start

begin to learn (work ,read,rain)

go out

get up

borrow

get to know

die

lose
延续性动词

be away (off), be out of

be here , be in +某地

be in , be a (an) + n.

have

be ill (asleep)

be over

be on

learn, work , read, rain

be out

be up

keep

know

be dead

be lost
二.在When, while, as 引导的时间状语从句中短暂性动词与延续性动词的运用。

when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句都可表示"当……时",但也有区别。

when可指一段时间,也可指一点时间,既可表示短暂性,一时性的动作,又可表示延续性的动作。由when引导的状语从句其谓语动词可以是延续性动词也可以是短暂性动词。

while只能表示延续性的动作或状态,不能表示一时性或短暂性的动作,引导的状语从句中谓语动词是延续性动词。

as所表示的动作与主句动作同时发生,具有延续的含义,一般同延续性动词连用。as 和 while 可译为“一边……一边……”,“正当……的时候”。
till 和 until 这两个词的意思都是"直到……",引导一个表示一端时间的状语,其后的介词宾语或从句表明这段时间的终点,用法相近,但在句首只能用until。在肯定句中,主句要用延续性动词;正在否定句中,until或till 可以和非延续性动词连用,这时, until和before 同义,not...until 和 not...before 意思相同,表示"直到......才","在.......以前不"
。在可以用How long 提问表示一段时间的句子中,谓语动作通常使用延续性动词

4,英语中的相对的延续性动词与瞬间性动词有哪些?

延续性动词: live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach,eat,drink,write,dance, sing,smoke
瞬间性动词:
open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,start enter,finish
1、终止性动词:表示不能延续的动作,即动作发生后立即结束。如:begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,dic,finish,go,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,sell,start,stop等。
终止性动词的肯定式是不能持续的,所以不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,而终止性的否定式就可以和表一段时间的状语连用,因为否定本身就是可以延续的。
如:have a cold是持续性动词,表示“状态”,可与表延续性的时间状语连用,不定冠词不能省略。
I′ve had a cold since my arrival(到达 n.).
I didn′t go to school because I had had a bad cold for days.
catch a cold是短暂性动作,表“动态”:它不能和延续性时间状语连用,不定冠词“a”可有可无,catch可用take,get代替。
Put on your coat,or you′ll catch/take/get a cold.
Take care not to get cold.
但是,若cold前有形容词修饰时,则不定冠词不能省。
如:Brown has taken a slight cold.
注意下列句子:
I have caught a cold for over a week.(×)
I have had a cold for over a week.(�)
2、延续性动词:表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。如:be,drink,fly,eat,keep,lie,live,rain等。
延续性动词常不能和表示一个短暂具体的时间状语连用;这类动词如用于进行时态,则可以和表示一个短暂具体的时刻连用。
He worked at eight yesterday afternoon.(×)
He was working at eight yesterday afternoon.(�)
3、代替终止性动词的方法
a)用延续性动词代替终止性动词
1、用have代替buy
My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
2、用keep或have代替borrow
I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.
3、用be替代become
How long has your sister been a teacher?
4、用have a cold代替catch a cold
Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.
5、用wear代替put on
b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词
1、be+married代marry 2、be+ill代fall (get) ill
3、be+dead代die 4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep
5、be+awake代wake/wake up 6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave
7、be+open代open 8、be closed代close/shut
9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose
c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词
1“be+on”代start,begin
2“be+up”代get up
3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to
4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等
d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词
1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to
2.用be in the army 代替join the army
3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to

5,瞬间动词怎么变延续性动词?急!!速求!!!~~~

持续动词与瞬间动词


英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分,使用中应注意两者的区别。


一、持续性动词


study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean, slean, sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, write, sit, stand, lie, keep等。


二、瞬间性动词


begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off等。


以上已集中了教材的大部分持续性动词及瞬间性动词。


三、用法


1、以上两类动词都能用于现在完成时,表示动作到现在为止已结束,例如:


He has studied English for three years.(他学英语已有3年了。)


He has joined the Party.(他已入党了。)


Mum isn’t at home. She has gone to the library.(妈妈不在家,她去图书馆了。)


2、持续性动词在完成时中能与表示持续一段时间的状语连用,而瞬间性动词则不能。例如:


His parents talked with the teacher for half an hour.(他的父母跟老师谈了半个小时。)


My mother has lain in bde for 3 days.(我母亲生病卧床已经三天了。)


My parents have lived in Shanghai since 1950.(我父母亲从1950年起就住在上海了。)


3、瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用,通常有两种方法:


(1)用意思相当的持续性动词来替换,例如:


He has been in the army/a soldier for htree years.(他参军已有3年了。)不能用has joined


She has been up for quite some time.(她起床已有好久了。)不能用has got up


Has your brother been away from home for a long time?(你哥哥离家已有好久了吗?)不能用has left

课本中的常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系如下:


1、go——be away 2、come——be here

3、come back——be back 4、leave——be away(be not here)


5、buy——have 6、borrow——keep

7、die——be dead 8、begin——be on

9、finish——be over 10、open——be open

11、close——be closed 12、lose——be lost

13、get to know——know 14、turn on——be on

15、get up——be up 16、sit down——sit/be seated

17、join——be in(…)或be a…member

18、become——be

(2)用it is…since…结构来替换瞬间动词,例如:


电影已经开映5分钟了。(两种方法)


The film has been on for five minutes.

It’s five minutes since the film began.

他离开上海已有3天了。(两种方法)


He has been away from Shanghai for three days.

It is three days since he left Shanghai.

这本书我还给图书馆已有两周了。(一种方法)


It’s two weeks since I returned the book to the library.

他找到他妹妹已有多久了?(一种方法)


How long is it since be found his sister?

4、瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用,例如:


I haven’t seen you for a long time.(好久没见到你了。)

6,英语各时态的动词哪些用延续性?那些用瞬间性?

过去/将来一般时用延续性或瞬间性,如I will keep it in mind.延续性/I will lock the door.瞬间性
现在一般时用延续性,如I like it.如果要翻译如我开门这种瞬间性,就要用过去时I opened the door.
过去/现在/将来进行时用延续性,如I will be reading a book at that time.
过去/现在/将来完成时用瞬间性或延续性,如I have closed the window.瞬间性/I have read the book.延续性/I will have studied English for 6 years when I graduate from the middle school.延续性。

7,瞬间性动词变延续性动词有哪些

用延续性动词代替终止性动词
1、用have代替buy
My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
2、用keep或have代替borrow
I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.
3、用be替代become
How long has your sister been a teacher?
4、用have a cold代替catch a cold
Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.
5、用wear代替put on
b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词
1、be+married代marry 2、be+ill代fall (get) ill
3、be+dead代die 4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep
5、be+awake代wake/wake up 6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave
7、be+open代open 8、be closed代close/shut
9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose
c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词
1“be+on”代start,begin
2“be+up”代get up
3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to
4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等
d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词
1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to
2.用be in the army 代替join the army
3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to

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